FINAL EXAM NATIONAL BOARD OF EXAMINATIONS
DECEMBER 2017
NEPHROLOGY
PAPER I

POSSESSION/USE OF CELL PHONES OR ANY SUCH ELECTRONIC GADGETS IS NOT PERMITTED INSIDE THE EXAMINATION HALL.
Time 3 hours NEPHRO/D/17/20/I
Max. Marks 100
Important instructions:
• Attempt all questions in order.
• Each question carries 10 marks.
• Read the question carefully and answer to the point neatly and legibly.
• Do not leave any blank pages between two answers.
• Indicate the question number correctly for the answer in the margin space.
• Answer all the parts of a single question together.
• Start the answer to a question on a fresh page or leave adequate space between two
answers.
• Draw table/diagrams/flowcharts wherever appropriate.
Write short notes on:
1. Euvolemic hyponatremia:
Enumerate causes
Management of SIADH
5+5
2. T-Regulatory cells:
Normal function
Role in renal transplantation
4+6
3. Functional iron deficieny anaemia
Role of hepcidin in iron metabolism
5+5
4. Current status of biomarkers in glomerular diseases
Study end-points in glomerular diseases
5+5
5. Causes of diuretic resistance
Management of diuretic resistance
5+5
6. Role of FGF-23, Klotho PTH axis in chronic kidney
diseases.
Changes in FGF-23 and PTH post transplant
5+5
7. Three-pore model of peritoneal membrane
Concept of sodium sieving
5+5
8. Concept of urinary anion-gap
Furosemide/Fludocortisone test for urinary acidification
5+5
9. Juxta-glomerular apparatus
Role of tubuloglomerular feedback in health and
disease
5+5
10. BK virus nephropathy:
Role of BKV screening in pre and early post transplant
period.
Management of BK virus nephropathy.
5+5