Define Bus and System Bus. What are the different types of System Bus?
A digital Computer system has a common bus system for 16 numbers of registers each of 32 bits. The bus is designed using multiplexers and decoder. How many select inputs are needed for MUX?

(ii) How many decoders are required and what is their size?

2. Describe the instruction format and give examples of no-operand, one-operand, two-operand and three-operand instructions.

3. Explain the causes of pipeline hazards and their remedy.

4. Define Parallel Computing. What are the important features of parallel processing?

5. An 8-bit computer has a 16-bit address bus. The first 15 lines are used to select a word in bank of 04 k bytes of memory. The high-order bit of the address is used to select a register which receives the content of data bus. Explain how this configuration can be used to extend the memory capacity of the system to eight banks of 04 k bytes each. Draw the logic diagram also.

6.(a) Discuss the difference between tightly coupled multiprocessor and loosely coupled multiprocessor from the viewpoint of hardware organization and programming techniques. Write the differences between centralised shared memory architecture and distributed shared memory architecture.

7. With the help of pipeline diagrams, explain superscalar and VLIW processors.

8. What is a compiler? Explain the working details of a compiler.

9. Interface an 8-bit microprocessor with a 2 k x 8 ROM chip and two numbers of 1 k x 8 RAM chip such that the following address map is realised: <img src='./qimages/8858-9.jpg'>

Draw the connection diagram and explain.

10.(a) Distinguish between hardwired control units and microprogrammed control units.
Define Reducing Hit Time. Also discuss the issues in the design of Memory Hierarchy.