FINAL EXAM NATIONAL BOARD OF EXAMINATIONS
DECEMBER 2017

POSSESSION/USE OF CELL PHONES OR ANY SUCH ELECTRONIC GADGETS IS NOT PERMITTED INSIDE THE EXAMINATION HALL.
GENITO URINARY SURGERY (UROLOGY)
PAPER I
GUS/D/17/13/I
Time 3 hours
Max. Marks :100
Important instructions:
• Attempt all questions in order.
• Each question carries 10 marks.
• Read the question carefully and answer to the point neatly and legibly.
• Do not leave any blank pages between two answers.
• Indicate the question number correctly for the answer in the margin space
• Answer all the parts of a single question together.
• Start the question to a question on a fresh page or leave adequate space between two
answers.
• Draw table/diagrams/flowcharts wherever appropriate.
Write short notes on:
1. Embryology of unilateral absence of vas deferens and
associated anomalies seen in this condition.
5+5
2. Vascular anatomy of kidney with specific relevance to
PCNL.
5+5
3. Discuss the venous drainage of penis. Describe Veno-
Occlusive mechanism of penile erection.
5+5
4. What are the causes of hyponatremia in Urological
practice? How is it managed?
5+5
5. What are the pathological sub-types of renal cell
carcinoma? What is their prognostic implication?
6+4
6. Explain lead time bias and length time bias in the context
of PSA screening for prostate cancer.
5+5
7. What are allocation concealment and blinding in
randomized trials? How can these be achieved?
5+5
8. Uroflowmetry parameters, patterns and their
interpretation.

9. Enumerate and give brief description of different
radionuclide agents and their uses in Urological
practices.
5+5
10. Mechanism of action of m-TOR and VEGF inhibitor drugs
in RCC.
5+5