FINAL EXAM NATIONAL BOARD OF EXAMINATIONS
DECEMBER 2017

POSSESSION/USE OF CELL PHONES OR ANY SUCH ELECTRONIC GADGETS IS NOT PERMITTED INSIDE THE EXAMINATION HALL.
PHARMACOLOGY
PAPER-I
PHARMA/D/17/34/I
Time: 3 hours
Max. Marks: 100
• Attempt all questions in order.
• Each question carries 10 marks.
• Read the question carefully and answer to the point neatly and legibly.
• Do not leave any blank pages between two answers.
• Indicate the question number correctly for the answer in the margin space
• Answer all the parts of a single question together.
• Start the question to a question on a fresh page or leave adequate space between two answers.
• Draw table/diagrams/flowcharts wherever appropriate.
Write short notes on:
1. Write the in-vitro and animal toxicity tests required for
new drug development.
What are preclinical evaluation methods for potential
antiepileptic new chemical entity?
5+5
2. What are the ethical and regulatory issues in use of
animals in biomedical research?
Composition and functions of Institutional Ethics
Committee for research in human subjects.
5+5
3. Methods of Pharmacovigilance with their advantages
and limitations
Pharmacogenomics interlink with pharmacovigilance,
giving examples.
5+5
4. What are the inclusion and exclusion criteria of papers
in meta analysis. What is the advantage of meta
analysis?
What are the methods and implications of drug
utilization studies?
5+5
5. Difference between partial agonist and inverse agonist
giving suitable examples.
Define median lethal dose and median effective dose
and their importance in Therapeutics.
4+6
6. Define bioavailability and how it is determined. Give
suitable examples.
What is the difference between pharmaceutical
equivalent and therapeutic equivalent? Give suitable
equivalence.
5+5
7. Role of Placebo in clinical trials.
Mention advantages and disadvantages of fixed dose
combination.
5+5
FINAL EXAM NATIONAL BOARD OF EXAMINATIONS
DECEMBER 2017

POSSESSION/USE OF CELL PHONES OR ANY SUCH ELECTRONIC GADGETS IS NOT PERMITTED INSIDE THE EXAMINATION HALL.
8. Principles and steps in preparing National List of
Essential Medicine (NLEM)
Potential uses of NLEM in rational therapeutics.
5+5
9. Define plasma half life of a drug and its clinical
significance with suitable examples.
Nanotechnology in drug delivery system.
5+5
10. Define drug dependence and its mechanisms.
Principles of treatment of drug dependence with
suitable examples.
5+5