1. Ideal frequency of echocardiographic probe in a child is

7.5 -10 Mz

5-8 Mz

6-8 Mz

2-5 Mz

2. Structures imaged in the parasternal short axis view (PSSAX) at the aortic level are the following except

Main pulmonary artery

RVOT

Left pulmonary artery

Right atrium

3. The suprasternal notch view (long axis) visualizes the following except:

Aortic arch

Right pulmonary artery

Left pulmonary artery

Left atrium

4. Regarding Pulse wave Doppler all the following statements are correct except:

Transducer has one crystal

Transducer has two crystals

Depth of interrogation can be fixed

High velocity signals cannot be measured

5. Gradient across a valve is calculated from the formula:

P=4V

P=V2

P=4V2

P=4V3

6. If the IVe size is 2 cm in diameter during expiration and collapses more than 50% during inspiration then the right atrial pressure would be

0-5 mm of Hg

5-10 mm of Hg

10-15 mm of Hg

15-20 mm of Hg

7. The impaired LV diastolic function can be assessed by

Aortic velocity

Pulmonary velocity

Tissue Doppler at mitral annulus

Isovolumetric contraction time

8. LV is divided into following number of segments to assess regional wall motion abnormality (RWMA)

16

18

17

15 MCC-002 2

9. Pseudoaneurysm has all the following features except

Due to myocardial perforation

Narrow neck

Common with infero posterior MI

Out pouching and thinning of segments

10. The echo features of cardiac tamponade are the following except:

Late diastolic RA collapse

Early diastolic RV collapse

Normal IVS motion

Dilated IVC

11. The normal expiratory increase in mitral valve flow is:

15%

20%

25%

10%

12. Normal mitral valve has a cross sectional area of

6-7 cm^2

3-4 cm^2

2-4 cm^2

4-6 cm^2

13. The area of regurgitant jet in severe mitral regurgitation is

15 cm^2

8 cm^2

12 cm^2

20 cm^2

14. Severe mitral regurgitation can be diagnosed by echo Doppler criteria of all the following except:

ERO>=40 mm^2

MR regurgitant volume 40 ml

Pulmonary vein systolic flow reversal

Dilated LA>=5.5 cm

15. In moderate aortic stenosis aortic orifice area by continuity equation will be

1.5 cm^2

0.8 -1.2 cm^2

0.6 -1.0 cm^2

0.4 -0.8 cm^2

16. In aortic regurgitation, a pressure half time of 200 m/sec indicate:

Mild aortic regurgitation

Trivial AR

Severe AR

Moderate AR

17. Severe tricuspid regurgitation can be diagnosed in all the following except:

Dense CW Doppler signal

Colour flow regurgitation jet 20% of RA area

Dilated IYC

Holo systolic flow reversal in the hepatic veins

18. Great vessels are differentiated by

Origin from ventricle

Morphology of semilunar valves

Size of the vessel

Branching pattern

19. ASD can be the following except

Ostium Primum

Ostium Secundum

Perimembranous

Sinus venosus

20. The ASD which is part of endocardial cushion defect is

Ostium Primum

Ostium Secundum

Coronary sinus defect

Sinus venosus defect

21. The best view to visualize patent ductus arteriosis is

Subxiphoid view

Parasternal short axis view

High parasternal view

Apical 2 chamber view

22. The catheter with end hole and side holes is

Sones catheter

Pig tail catheter

Judkin catheter

Cournand catheter

23. Mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (average) is (mmHg)

12

16

7

9

24. For the diagnosis of ASD, the step up required for single sample assessment is

11%

15%





25. Calculated mixed venous oxygen saturation from the following data will be SVC=70% IVC=74%

70%

74%

72%

71

26. In 40% of patients sinus nodal artery arises from:

LAD

LCX

RCA

LM

27. Following is a self expandable stent

Wire coils

Slotted tubes

Modular stents

Wall stent

28. Contra indications to balloon mitral valvuloplasty are the following except:

Left atrial thrombus

Moderate or more MR

Pliable valve

Calcified valve

29. The advantage of 99 m Tc-Sestamibi over Thallium is

Shorter imaging time

Lower energy photons

Longer half life

Cyclotron generated

30. Pulmonary embolism can be diagnosed in a ventilation/perfusion sCintigraphy by

Lack of mismatch

Normal perfusion

Mismatched defects

Abnormal ventilation

31. Ebstein's anomaly has all the following features except:

Tricuspid Regurgitation

Downward displacement of septal leaflet of tricuspid valve

Cardiomegaly in X-ray chest PA view

Delayed closure of mitral valve

32. A child with Ventricular Septal Defect has a VSD flow velocity of 4 m/sec. If the systemic blood pressure of the child is 90/60 mm of Hg, the pulmonary artery systolic pressure will be:

90 mm of Hg

26 mm of Hg

60 mm of Hg

52 mm of Hg

33. Thallium (201TI) has the following character

It is an anion

Emits high energy electrons

It has very low myocardial affinity

Peak uptake in heart muscle occurs in 5 minutes after IV injection

34. In Gated Single Photon Emission computerized tomography, the wall thickening of left ventricle is visualized from following planes except:

Short axis

Vertical long axis

Saggitallong axis

Horizontal long axis

35. During Nuclear Myocardial Scan, the lung to heart ratio of tracer uptake suggesting underlying severe CAD is

0.33

0.60

0.70

0.40

36. "Mismatched Defects" in the lung can be diagnosed by

Echocardiography

Ventilation Perfusion Scintigraphy

Pulmonary Angiogram

X-ray chest PA view

37. Complications of Ventriculography are the followiI).g except:

Arrhythmias

Endocardial staining

Myocardial rupture

Embolism

38. In left atrial pressure tracing the following statement is correct

A wave is greater than V wave

V wave is greater than A wave

A and V waves are of equal height

A wave is absent

39. Left ventricular end diastolic pressure is (mrn of Hg)

5-12

1-7

10-15

0

40. Diagonal artery is a branch of

LAD

LCX

LM

RCA

41. Following statements are correct except:

In a left dominant circulation LCX is bigger than LAD

The obtuse marginal is a branch of LCX

Acute marginal artery is a branch of LCX

Left main arises from Left Aortic Sinus

42. The benefit of drug coated stent compared to bare metal stent is

Reduces restenosis

Easily trackable

Balloon is not required

Lower risk of thrombosis

43. Inoue technique is used for:

Coronary angioplasty

Balloon mitral valvuloplasty

Balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty

Aortoplasty

44. A suitable valve for mitral valvuloplasty is one with Wilkins et al score of

8

1.0

16

12 -16

45. ositron Emission Tomography is useful in evaluating:

Left ventricular function

Coronary anatomy

Myocardial metabolism

Shunt lesions

46. A 30 year old obese adult presented with the clinical diagnosis of small ASD. Which of the following transducers will be chosen

3.2 MHz

5 MHz

7.5 MHz

10 MHz

47. 6 months old new born baby is born with history of recurrent lung infection for which Echo is done to rule out L R Which of the following transdu.cer wijlbe your choice?

3.2 MHz

5 MHz

4.5 MHz

7.5 MHz

48. Intravascular Ultrasound is useful for:

Valvular Hemodynamics

LV function

Intracoronary Hemodynamics

Pericardial assessment

49. Stress Echo is useful for assessment of

Viable Myocardium

Reversible ischemic

Both of above

None of the above

50. Trans-esophageal Echo is useful for cardiac assessment in

Obese patient

Emphysematous lung

Intra-operative valvulqr assessment

All of the above

51. Which Echocardiographic modality is most specific to rule out shunts?

Stress Echocardiography

Fetal Echocardiography

Contrast Echocardiography

I.V.U.S.

52. Regional wall motion abnormality is assessed in most sensitive and specific way by

Acoustic quantification

Harmonic imaging

Tissue Doppler imaging

None of the above

53. .Systolic Anterior motion of AML diagnostic of mitral valve prolapse is best assessed by:

2 D Echo

M-Mode

Contrast Echo

TEE

54. Colour Doppler of Echocardiography is based on principles of

Pulse Wave Doppler

Continuous Wave Doppler

Both of the above

None of the above

55. Severe Aortic stenosis is best assessed by:

Pulse Wave Doppler

Continuous Wave Doppler

Both of the above

None of the above

56. In colour flow assessment blood flow going away from transducer is

Red

Mosaic

Blue

Any of the above

57. A young hypertensive presented to you and was found to have radiofemoral delay. Which view is best to assess proximal aortic co-arctation

M-Mode

2D Mode parasternal view

Suprasternal view in 2D Echo

Short axis view with 2D Echo

58. In pulse wave doppler maximum measurable velocity without aliasing is usually less than

2m/s

3m/s

4m/s

5m/s

59. NYQUIST LIMIT in Doppler study is basically:

Maximum measurable frequency

Minimum measurable frequency

True only for continuous wave measurement

Clinically not important

60. Pressure half time measurement by continuous wave helps in assessment of valve area of

Mitral valve

Aortic valve

Tricuspid valve

None of the above

61. Estimated RV systolic pressure in mitral stenosis patient with Tricuspid Regurgitation peak velocity of 4 m/s will be

74mm

64mm

54mm

44mm

62. If Pulmonary regurgitation End diastolic velocity 3 m/sec predicted Pulmonary Artery diastolic pressure will be

46mm

56mm

36 mm

40mm

63. Diastolic dysfunction of LV is suggested by which parameter of mitral valve overflow signal.

A E

Deceleration time of E 240 m/sec2

Both of the above

None of the above

64. Earliest Echocardiographic sign of Ischemic heart Disease is

hypo kinetic wall motion

akinetic wall motion

dyskinetic wall motion

any of the above

65. What are the normally found anomalies in Ischemic heart Disease Echocardiography except:

Rigional wall motion abnormality

Diastolic dysfunction of LV

Valvular regurgitation

Valvular stenosis

66. Ventricular Aneurysm is commoner in:

Anterior wall MI

Posterior wall MI

Inferior wall MI

None of the above

67. Which is the most specific sign of cardiac Tamponade?

Early diastolic RV collapse

Late diastolic RA collapse

Abnormal ventricular septal motion

Dilated IVe with inspiratory collapse.

68. Aortic valve in ECHO eccentric closure is a feature of

Rheumatic involvement

Bicuspid valve

Redegenerative valve

All the above

69. In EchocardlOgraphic assessment of pericardia! effusion compared to pleural effusion, pericardial effusion ends

Anterior to descending Aorta

Ends posterior to descending Aorta

Any of the above

None of the above

70. Respiratory variation in mitral overflow velocity similar to cardiac tamponade seen in

Acute dilatation of heart

Pulmonary embolism

RV infarct

All of the above

71. Pericardial effusion should be measured in (By Ehocardiography)

Systole

Diastole

Both phases

Any phase of cardiac cycle

72. In Hemodynamically significant mitral stenosis the mitral valve area is less than: 22 22

2.5cm

2cm

1.5cm

1cm

73. Balloon Mitral Valvotomy is contraindicated if Echo shows:

Mild Tip AML calcification

Mitral valve Area 1.2 cm2

Trivial MR

LAA -clot

74. Which of the following is suggestive of severe Mitral Regurgitation by Echo assessment?

MR Jet Area 8 cm^2

MR Regurgitant Volume 60 ml

Pulmonary vein systolic flow reversal

All of the above

75. Which of the following is diagnostic of Rheumatic heart disease in Echo assessment of valvular lesion?

Thickened Restricted PML

Mitral Regurgitation

Dilated LA

All of the above

76. Most specific Echo-diagnostic feature of severe Aortic stenosis is

Aortic V Max> 3.9

Peak gradient across AV 78 mm

Mean gradient across AV 50 mm

None of the above

77. Severity of Aortic stenosis in presence of LV dysfunction is best determined by

Associated mitral Regurgitation

Aortic valve area by continuity equation

Gradient across aortic valve

All of the above

78. In continuous wave assessment of Aortic Regurgitation; severe aortic regurgitation P 1/2 is less than:

250 m/sec

200 m/sec

300 m/sec

None of the above

79. In severe AR ratio of Jet area divided by LVOT area is:

25%

55%

60%

None of the above

80. Commonest aetiology of tricuspid stenosis is

RHD

TV -Endocardites

Malignancy

All of the above

81. Severe TS is suggested by Echo studies show:

Mean PG 7 mm Hg

PHT 190 mm

None of the above

All of the above

82. Organic -non PAH TR is caused by:

Infective endocarditis

RV infarct

Carcinoid

All of the above

83. Which type of ASD may be treated with device closure?

Ostium primum ASD

Sinus venosus ASD

ASD secundun

None of the above

84. Which type of VSD is associated with Aortic valve prolapse

Inlet VSD

Muscular VSD

Doubly committed VSD

Perimembranous VSD

85. Left atrial appendage in transthoracic echo best seen in

Apical 4 chamber view

Parasternal long axis view

Parasternal short axis view at aortic level

Suprasternal view

86. Normal valve of TAPSE:

5 mm

10mm

15mm

20mm

87. Normal valve of EPSS:

6mm

6-10 mm

10-14 mm

14-18 mm

88. Usual location of right and left coronary arteries in parasternal short axis view:

1 O'Clock and 7 O'Clock

4 O'Clock and 11 O'Clock

5 O'Clock and 10 aClock

6 O'Clock and 12 O'Clock

89. PDA usually opens in

Main pulmonary artery

Right pulmonary artery

Left pulmonary artery

Right ventricle

90. O2 step up at ventricular level is seen in which of the following conditions

Aberrant coronary artery origin

AP window

PDA with pulmonary regurgitation

ASD