1. In aortic stenosis, the following is a grave sign

Calcified valve

Bicuspid valve

LV hypertrophy

Pulmonary hypertension

2. Vena contracta is

Venous drainage of left ventricle

Narrowest portion of mitral regurgitation jet downstream from the orifice

Systolic flow in pulmonary vein

Distended IVC

3. In aortic regurgitation, pressure half time of 200 msec indicates

Mild aortic regurgitation

Trivial aortic regurgitation

Severe aortic regurgitation

Moderate aortic regurgitation

4. A mean pressure gradient of 8 mm of Hg across tricuspid valve indicates

Moderate tricuspid stenosis

Mild tricuspid stenosis

Severe tricuspid stenosis

Trivial tricuspid stenosis

5. The ventricular septal defects which are amenable to device closure are

Inlet and Muscular VSDs

Inlet and Doubly committed VSDs

Inlet and Peri-membranous VSDs

Muscular and Peri-membranous VSDs

6. Device closure is possible in all of the following except

Peri-membranous ventricular septal defect

Primum atrial septal defect

Patent ductus Arteriosus

Fossa ovalis atrial septal defect

7. Which of the echo methods is used for mitral valve area immediately after balloon mitral valvotomy

Pressure half time

Planimetry

Colour Doppler

Pulse wave Doppler

8. Which is the incorrect statement regarding restrictive filling in diastolic dysfunction

Deceleration time 160 msec

E/A 1.5

Isovolumetric relaxation time 70 msec

Mitral A duration PVa duration

9. What is the normal range of isovolumetric relaxation time measured by echocardiography

90 msec

70 — 90 msec

90 —110 msec

120 — 150 msec

10. All of the following are morphological features of left ventricle seen by echo except

Finely trabeculated

Moderator band

Attached to valve placed more towards atria

Papillary muscles not attached to septum

11. Mitral valve area by pressure half time is calculated by which of the following formulae

120/PHT in cm^2

220/PHT in cm^2

PHT/220 in cm^2

PHT/120 in cm^2

12. Which is the commonest cause of isolated aortic stenosis

Degenerative aortic valve disease

Congenital bicuspid aortic valve disease

Rheumatic heart disease

Syphilitic aortic valve disease

13. 02 step-up at ventricular level is seen in which of the following conditions

Aberrant coronary artery origin

AP window

PDA with pulmonary regurgitation

Atrial septal defect

14. Treatment of choice in significant left main coronary artery is

Coronary artery bypass graft surgery

Medical therapy

Angioplasty

Enhanced external counter pulsation (EECP)

15. Amplatz Catheter is used for which of the following procedures

Renal angiogram

Coronary angiogram

Carotid angiogram

Peripheral angiogram

16. All of the following drugs are used in drug coated stent except

Sirolimus

Everolimus

Zatrolimus

Cyclosporin

17. A 77-year-old male, known case of hypertension, euglycemic, underwent herniography on left side. Three days after surgery, before discharge, he developed sudden chest discomfort. He was cyanosed and restless. His blood pressure was 90/60 mmHg. His ECG showed sinus tachycardia and ST depression in V1-V3. His echo showed normal LV function and dilated RA and RV. Calculated PA pressure is 56/26 mmHg. This patient has which of the following problems

Unstable angina

Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction

Acute pulmonary embolism

Restrictive cardiomyopathy

18. The first percutaneous coronary angioplasty was performed in a conscious patient in 1977 by

Judkins

Dotter

Andreas Gruentzig

Amplatz

19. The ideal frequency of echocardiographic probe in a child is

7.5 — 10 MHz

5 — 8 MHz

6 — 8 MHz

2 — 5 MHz

20. Gradient across a valve is calculated by the formula

P 4V

p V^2

P 4V^2

P 4V^3

21. Normal mitral valve has a cross-sectional area of

6 — 7 cm^2

3 — 4 cm^2

2 — 4 cm^2

4 — 6 cm^2

22. Several mitral regurgitation can be diagnosed by echo Doppler criteria of all the following except

EROA 0.40 cm^2

MR Regurgitant volume 40 ml

Pulmonary vein systolic flow reversal

Vena contracta 0.7 cm

23. ASD can be the following except

Ostium Primum

Ostium Secundum

Peri-membranous

Sinus venosus

24. Treatment of choice for Ostium primum ASD is

Surgical correction

Stem cell therapy

Device closure

Medical therapy

25. For the diagnosis of ASD, the step-up required for single sample assessment is

11%

15%





26. Contraindications to balloon mitral valvuloplasty are all the following except

Left atrial thrombus

Moderate or more MR

Pliable valve

Calcified valve

27. Ebstien's anomaly has all the following features except

Tricuspid regurgitation

Downward displacement of septal leaflet of tricuspid valve

Cardiomegaly in X-ray chest PA view

Delayed closure of mitral valve

28. "Mismatched Defects" in the lung can be diagnosed by

Echocardiography

Ventilation Perfusion Scintigraphy

Myocardial rupture

Embolism

29. Diagonal artery is a branch of

LAD

LCX

LM
MCC-002 7 P.T.O.

30. Inoue technique is used for

Coronary angioplasty

Balloon mitral valvuloplasty

Balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty

Aortoplasty

31. Trans-esophageal Echo is useful for the assessment of

Obese patient

Emphysematous lung

Intra-operative valvular assessment

All of the above

32. Severe aortic stenosis is best assessed by

Pulse Wave Doppler

Continuous Wave Doppler

Both the above

None of the above

33. Ventricular aneurysm is more common in

Anterior wall MI

Posterior wall MI

Inferior wall MI

None of the above

34. Which type of ASD may be treated with device closure

Ostium primum ASD

Sinus venosus ASD

ASD secundum

None of the above

35. Which type of VSD is associated with aortic valve prolapse

Intel VSD

Muscular VSD

Doubly committed VSD

Peri-membranous VSD

36. Normal valve of EPSS is

6 mm

6 — 10 mm

10 — 14 mm

14 —18 mm

37. Which is the correct statement with regard to 2-D Echo

Higher the frequency, higher the penetration

In obese adult, high frequency transducer is used

Higher the frequency, better is the resolution

In young children, 2 MHz transducer is best for 2-D Echo

38. For diagnosis of mitral stenosis, which procedure is considered to be gold standard

Angiography

CT Angio

MRI Study

Echo Doppler Study

39. Select the wrong statement.

Moderate MS if MV area is 0.5 to 1 cm 2

Severe MS if MV area is 1.5 cm 2

Mild MS if resting mean gradient is 5 mmHg

Severe MS if resting mean gradient is 10 mmHg

40. Absolute contraindication for pulmonary angiography is

Pulmonary arterial hypertension

Anaphylactoid reaction to i/v contrast

Renal dysfunction

All of the above

41. All of the following criteria are absolute indications for termination of exercise test except one

Moderate to severe angina

Subject desire to stop

Dizziness or near syncope

Atrial ectopics

42. Components of an angioplasty include all of the following except one

Wire coils

Indiflator

Balloons

Guiding catheters

43. Mullins' dilator sheath is used for which of the following procedures

Coronary angiogram

Percutaneous renal angioplasty

Transatrial septal puncture

Carotid angioplasty

44. Which of the following pharmacological agents is routinely used in stress echocardiogram

Amyl nitrate

Dobutamine

Sodium nitroprusside

Hydralazine

45. Doppler calculations involve all of the following except

Simplified Bernoulli equation

Velocity time intervals

Pressure half time

Planimetry

46. What frequency range is used for adult echocardiography

7.5 — 10 MHz

1.5 — 2 MHz

2 — 5 MHz

5 — 7.5 MHz

47. Which cardiac structure cannot be seen in 4-chamber view

RA RV

RA LV

LV Aorta

PA RV outflow tract

48. NC is 2.7 cm with 25% collapse, TR jet is 4 cm 2. Estimated PA systolic pressure is

64 mmHg

50 mmHg

100 mmHg

84 mmHg

49. Which is the best view to visualize PDA

Apical four-chamber

Subcostal

Short axis view

High parasternal view

50. Wilkins scoring system in echocardiography is used in which valve stenosis grading

Aortic regurgitation

Pulmonic stenosis

Coronary artery disease

Mitral stenosis

51. Severe mitral stenosis has MVA as

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

52. What is the most specific echo sign of cardiac tamponade

Late diastolic RA collapse

Abnormal IVS motion

Early diastolic collapse

Variation of mitral velocity 40%

53. What is the gold standard test for pulmonary embolism

Pulmonary angiography

Chest X-ray

V-Q Scan

Echocardiography

54. In atrial 5-chamber view, all are seen except

Both atria

Ascending aorta

Both ventricles

RV outflow tract

55. Septal arteries are branches of

LAD

LCx

RCA

None of the above

56. To perform an oximetry run, the catheter used is

Pigtail catheter

Judkins right catheter

Sones catheter

Swan Ganz balloon flotation catheter

57. Myocardial metabolism can be studied by which of the following

PET-CT

Coronary angiography

Echocardiography

Doppler imaging

58. LV systolic function can be assessed by all except

Eye balling

Modified Simpson method

M-Mode echo

Tissue Doppler

59. Swinging motion of the heart is seen in

Myocardial infarction

Cardiac tamponade

Massive pericardial effusion

Constrictive pericarditis

60. A PHT of 700 msec indicates

Moderate aortic regurgitation

Severe aortic regurgitation

Mild aortic regurgitation

Severe aortic stenosis

61. Morphological RV is recognized by all except

Moderator band

Fine trabeculations

Infundibulum

TV-PV discontinuity

62. If TAPSE is less than it is an indicator of RV systolic dysfunction.

2.0

1.6

F8

2.5

63. Normal range of LV end diastolic pressure is

5-12 mmHg

10 — 14 mmHg

3 — 8 mmHg

8 — 14 mmHg

64. Severe tricuspid stenosis is defined as mean diastolic pressure gradient

7 mmHg

5 mmHg

3 mmHg

None of the above is true

65. Normal declaration time of mitral flow is

240 msec

160 msec

160 — 240 msec

120 — 160 msec

66. Vena contracta is used for the assessment of

Severity of stenosis

Systolic flow in pulmonary vein

Severity of regurgitation jet

RA pressure

67. V/Q scan has high negative predictive value for diagnosis of

Pulmonary edema

Pulmonary embolism

Pulmonary tuberculosis

Pulmonary atresia

68. Tiger catheter is used for coronary angiography in

Brachial route

Radial route

Femoral route

Axillary route

69. Severe pulmonary stenosis is defined as the peak pressure

90 mmHg

64 mmHg

60 mmHg

40 mmHg

70. Which is not a form of ASD

Primum

AV canal

Sinus venosus

Peri-membranous

71. LA is dilated if

38 mm

40 mm

32 mm

None of the above is true

72. Which one of the following is a common congenital cardiac abnormality at birth

ASD

VSD

TOF

TQA

73. Normal value of RV free wall thickness is

1 — 2 mm

3 — 4 mm

5 — 7 mm

8 — 10 mm

74. Following is not a feature of athletes heart

Dilatation of LV cavity

Reduction of LV cavity

Increase in LV wall thickness

Increase in LV mass

75. SAM is seen in

Constrictive pericarditis

Hypertropic obstructive cardiomyopathy

Concentric LVH

Severe mitral stenosis

76. Diagnostic sensitivity in stress echocardiography is higher with

Single vessel disease

Double vessel disease

Triple vessel disease

None of the above MCC-002 16

77. Which of the following statements is incorrect

LVOT is well-visualised in Parasternal long axis view.

RVOT is well-visualised in Parasternal short axis view.

Mitral valve orifice and aortic valve orifice areas can be estimated in PLAX view.

Mitral and tricuspid valve septal insertion is well-seen in apical view.

78. Following are the contraindications for balloon mitral valvotomy except

Severe mitral stenosis

Grade-III mitral regurgitation

LA clot

Commisural calcification

79. In a 17-segment echocardiographic analysis, hypokinesia of basal anterior and basal anteroseptal segments, akinesia of mid anterior and mid anteroseptal segments and dyskinesia of apical septal, apical anterior and apical segments are seen. Which is the LV wall motion score index

1.3

1.5

1.7

1.9

80. The following agents can be used for pharmacological stress except

Adenosine

Dipyridamole

Dobutamine

Digoxin

81. Which of theTollowing LV segments is not supplied by left circumflex artery

Basal anterior lateral

Mid anterior lateral

Apical lateral

Apical anterior

82. Following are the Class-I indications for coronary angiogram except

Class-III or Class-IV exertional angina in spite of adequate medical therapy

Resuscitated from sudden cardiac death

Acute stent closure following PCI

Coronary calcifications in CT coronary angiogram

83. Diameter of the left main coronary artery is

4.5 0.5 cm

7 3 cm

2 5 cm

5 3 cm

84. The most ideal echocardiographic examination to assess cardiac chamber size is

M-Mode

2-D Echocardiography

Pulse Doppler

Colour Doppler

85. Haemodynamic information in echocardiographic examination is obtained from

M-Mode

2-D Echo

3-D Echocardiography

Doppler Examination

86. Following are the structures imaged in the standard apical 4-chamber view except

Left ventricle

Right ventricle

Aorta

Right atrium

87. The following examination is useful to record high velocities

Pulse Doppler

Continuous Wave Doppler

Colour Doppler

3-D Echocardiography

88. Following are the structures imaged in the apical 5-chamber view except

Left ventricle

Left atrium

Aorta

Pulmonary artery

89. Nyquist limit is a sampling phenomenon encountered in

Continuous Wave Doppler

Pulse Wave Doppler

2-D Echo

3-D Echo

90. Normally contracting LV has a wall motion score index of

0

1

2

3