1. "Organon" deals with

(A)Symbolic logic


Mathematical logic


(C)Deductive reasonings


Inductive reasonings


2. "Novum organum" is the chief work of

(A)Aristotle


Leibnitz


(C)Francis Bacon


Hamilton


3. Who defined logic as the "Science of formal laws of thought"

(A)Aldrich


Whately


(C)Thomson


Hamilton


4. The law of "sufficient reason" was formulated by

(A)Hamilton


Aristotle


(C)Leibnitz


Bain


5. In negative propositions the predicate terms are

(A)undistributed


negative


(C)distributed


affirmative


6. Who defined the proposition as an "indicative sentence"

(A)Whately


Aldrich


(C)Thomson


Aristotle


7. Sub-contrary form of opposition exists in between two propositions.

(A)Universal


Particular


(C)Affirmative


Negative


8. Contrary form of opposition exists in between two prepositions.

(A)Particular


Negative


(C)Affirmative


Universal


9. In "Subalternation" if the particular be false, the universal is

(A)True


False


(C)Doubtful


Affirmative


10. Find out the fallacy Light is essential to guide our steps. Lead is not essential to guide our steps.
. Lead is not light.

(A)Fallacy of ambiguous major


Ambiguous minor


(C)Ambiguous middle


Undistributed middle


11. Find out the fallacy All planets are round. All wheels are round. All wheels are planets.

(A)Fallacy of undistributed middle


Illicit major


(C)Illicit minor


Fallacy of ambiguous major


12. "In categorical syllogisms" if one premise be negative; then conclusion must be

(A)Affirmative


Negative


(C)Universal


Particular


13. "In categorical syllogisms" if one premise be particular; then conclusion must be

(A)Universal


Particular


(C)Affirmative


Negative


14. "Darapti" is a valid mood in

(A)First figure


Second figure


(C)Fourth figure


Third figure


15. "Cesare" is a valid mood in

(A)Second Figure


First Figure


(C)Third Figure


Fourth Figure


16. Fourth Figure was developed by

(A)Aristotle


John Venn


(C)J.S. Mill


Galen

17. The subject logic is a

(A)Science


Art


(C)Positive Science


Normative Science


18. "principal mathematica" was written by

(A)Leibnitz


Descartes


(C)Aristotle


Bertrand Russell


19. An 'incomplete symbol' is one which has but only in some context.

(A)Special meaning


Vague meaning


meaning in isolation


None of the above


20. In modern logic, "Hegel is the teacher of Marx", is what kind of proposition

(A)Subject predicate form


Class membership


(C)Relational


Singular


21. All the constituent propositions of a true alternative proposition may be

(A)False


Doubtful


(C)True


None of these


22. In a class membership proposition the subject is a member of

(A)Copula


Predicate


(C)Universal


Particular


23. Truth value of a Compound Proposition is called of its component Simple Proposition because it is uniquely and exhaustively determined by the truth values of the latter.

(A)Truth Function


Propositional Function


(C)Relational Function


Quantification Function


24. A is a letter, usually Z used in such a way in a propositional function that by substituting certain expressions for it, we get a proposition.

(A)Term


Referent


(C)Variable


None of these

25. Russell says that we can define as those terms which can only occur as sub­jects in propositions.

(A)Major term


Minor term


(C)Middle term


Proper names


26. Rule of Inference in Symbolic Logic are in

(A)Propositional Forms


Valid Argument Forms


(C)Normal Forms


Relational Forms


27. A false proposition can imply a true proposition — this paradox is called in formal logic.

(A)Paradox of Induction


Liar's Paradox


Paradox


Paradox of Material Implication


28. are the blocks out of which the world can be constructed with the help of mathematical logic.

(A)Judgements


Experiences


(C)Sense-data


None of these


29. The proposition . · . is equivalent to

·


.


P ·





30. Philosophers proposed the general model for an ideal language is symbolic logic.

(A)Empiricist


Rationalist


(C)Analytic


Idealist


31. In spirit and style analytic philosophy has strong ties with the tradition.

(A)Rationalist


Logical


(C)Empiricist


Idealist


32. Work in symbolic logic has produced many distinctions and techniques that can be applied to

(A)common sense


logic


(C)ordinary language


none of these


33. The proposition . is not equivalent to

·


.


Q .


P .


34. Frege is known principally for his distinction between

(A)sense and things


sense and reference


(C)reference and object


words and objects


35. The highest goal of Indian Ethics is the attainment of

(A)Dharma


Karma


(C)Artha


Moksha


36. According to Bhagavad Gita inaction means

(A)Karma


Death


(C)Dharma


Nishkama Karma


37. The Bhagavad Gita anticipates whose conception of "My station and its duties"

(A)Bergson


Epicurus


(C)Kant


Bradley


38. According to Bhagavad Gita, highest personal and social good can be realized through

(A)Karma


Dharma


(C)Bhakti


Svadharma


39. Dharma is derived from a Sanskrit word which means

(A)Justice


Law


uphold


Rules


40. According to Indian Ethics Every individual should pursue artha through the path of

(A)Bhakti


Karma


(C)Jnana


Dharma


41. Moksha is said to be or the highest value.

(A)Liberation


Purushartha


(C)End


Parama Purushartha


42. According to the Gita, all actions of the body, mind and speech are called

(A)Svadharma


Dharma


(C)Karma


Nishkama Karma


43. The moral progress is meaningless without reference to

(A)God


Ethics


(C)Moral Ideal


Religion


44. Voluntary actions and habitual actions are the objects of

(A)Moral judgement


Aesthetic judgements


(C)Ethics


Psychology


45. The subject of moral judgement is the

(A)Voluntary action


Non-voluntary action


(C)Rational self


Moral ideal


46. According to whom virtue and happiness constitute the complete good

(A)Mill


Socrates


(C)Kant


Aristotle


47. The Varna and Asrama system are concerned with the organization and management of the

(A)Individual and God


Individual and Religion


(C)Society and God


Individual and Society


48. In Indian ethics who is the staunchest advocate of knowledge as the only means of libera­tion

(A)Gautama


Patanzali


(C)Sankara


Vivekananda


49. An action that is motivated by desire is called

(A)Pravritti Karma


Vivritti Karma


(C)Nishkama Karma


Adarma


50. According to Gita, "liberation cannot be achieved by fleeing from

(A)Artha


Kama


(C)Action


Dharma


51. Acquisition of artha that is devoid of is bound to cause degeneration of the individual and also weakens the social fabric.

(A)Character


Law


(C)Ethos


Dharma


52. According to a free will without being determined by antecedent circum­stances would be an event without a cause. This is impossible

(A)Naturalism


Materialism


(C)Determinism


None of these


53. The real meaning of "freedom of will" is

(A)Determinism


Self-determinism


(C)Naturalism


Emotivism


54. The ethical theory of Aristotle is popularly known as

(A)Socratic Ethics


Hedonism


(C)Nicomachean ethics


Perfectionism


55. Our moral opinions are based on our feelings and nothing more; is the view of

(A)Ethical objectivism


Naturalism


(C)Ethical subjectivism


Rationalism


56. "The idea of a universal truth in ethics is a myth"; according to

(A)Cultural absolutism


Ethical objectivism


(C)Cultural Relativism


Idealism


57. The improved version of ethical subjectivism is known as

(A)Objectivism


Emotivism


(C)Critical evaluation


Egoism


58. According to whom "moral language is action-guiding and not a fact stating language; and its purpose is to influence the behaviour of people".

(A)C.L. Stevenson


Bentham


(C)Mill


Kant

59. According to whom "To know the good is to do the good".

(A)Kant


Aristotle


(C)Stevenson


Socrates


60. Determinism denies

(A)Good


Evil


(C)Freedom of will


God


61. Who called the ultimate moral principle as Categorical Imperative

(A)Plato


Socrates


(C)Mill


Kant


62. You are not punished for stealing sheep, but in order that sheep may not be stolen".

(A)Reformative theory


Retributive theory


(C)Deterrent theory


None of these


63. Which theory of punishment aims at upholding the glory and majesty of moral law

(A)Reformative


Deterrent


(C)Retributive


None of these


64. "No man is essentially bad" is the view of

(A)Vivekananda


Tagore


(C)Socrates


Gandhi


65. Which one of the following thinkers gave the principle of 'Duty for duty sake'

(A)Socrates


Kant


(C)William Lillie


Mackenzie


66. Freedom of will is a fundamental postulate of

(A)Morality


Religion


(C)Determinism


Politics


67. "Nature has placed mankind under the governance of two sovereign masters, pain and pleasure; our object is to seek pleasure and avoid pain."

(A)J.S. Mill


Aristippus


(C)Epicurus


J. Bentham


68. "To think of an object as desirable and to think of it as pleasant are one and the same thing. Desiring anything unpleasant is a physical and metaphysical impossibility."

(A)Bentham


Kant


(C)Hegel


J.S. Mill


69. J.S Mill's argument in support of altruism involves two fallacies — fallacy of composition and fallacy of

(A)Undistributed middle


Negative premises


(C)Division


Four terms


70. Pleasure is an index of increase of life, and pain is the index of decrease of life

(A)Bentham


J.S. Mill


(C)Kant


Herbert Spencer


71. The ultimate end of life is happiness; and its proximate end is the length and breadth of life.

(A)Kant


Aristippus


(C)Epicurus


Herbert Spencer


72. Sidwick gives us three rational principles which regulate the choice and distribution of the individual as well as universal good. These principles are — Prudence, Benevolence and

(A)good


evil


(C)justice


morals


73. Moral law is a priori or prior to experience, and not empirical. According to

(A)Sidwick

Herbert Spencer

(C)Kant


Aristotle


74. "The boundless or infinite is an eternal imperishable substance out of which all things are made and to which all things return." According to

(A)Thales


Heraclitus


(C)Anaximander


Anaximenes


75. Who was the first Greek thinker to construct an idealistic philosophy on a comprehensive scale

(A)Socrates


Aristotle


(C)Plato


Thales


76. Motion or change is explained as the Union of Form and Matter by

(A)Heraclitus


Plato


(C)Aristotle


Socrates


77. Aristotle thought God as Pure form, as cause and as prime mover.

(A)Formal


Efficient


(C)Material


Final


78. Realists admit the existence of

(A)One object i.e., God


Two objects i.e., God and soul


(C)Innumerable objects


None of the above


79. The philosophy of was a classical form of objective Idealism.

(A)Descartes


Aristotle


(C)Plato


None of these


80. To solve mind and body problem, Descartes has introduced

(A)Dualism


Psycho-physiological theory


(C)Psycho-physical Interactionism


None of the above


81. Descartes recognises mind and body as substances which are created by God.

(A)Absolute


Neutral


(C)Real


Relative


82. Locke claims that all our knowledge is derived either through sensation or

(A)Perception


Thinking


(C)Reflection


None of these

83. "The Existence of an object is not dependent on the experience of it" is said by

(A)Hume


G.E. Moore


(C)Berkeley


None of these


84. From view it follows that the substances are self acting forces.

(A)Atomists


Empiricists


(C)Rationalists


Cartesian's


85. Who were considered as atheist Greek philosophers

(A)Plato-Aristotle


Aquinas-Plato


(C)Thales, Anaximenes, Heraclitus


None of the above


86. The earliest expressions of Empiricism in ancient Greek philosophy were those of the

(A)Stoics


Neo-Platonists


(C)Sophists


None of these


87. Who is the father of Deism

(A)Descartes


Spinoza


(C)Rousseau


Herbert of Cherbury


88. Which one of the following thinkers is not a pragmatist

(A)William James


Schlick


(C)Pierce


Dewey


89. During the last decades of the nineteenth century, English Philosophy was dominated by of

(A)Rationalism, Descartes


Empiricism, Locke


(C)Idealism, Hegel


None of these


90. Which one of the following thinkers said—'Esse est percipi'

(A)Berkeley


Descartes


(C)Hegel


Spinoza


91. Henri Bergson regards as the organ of true knowledge.

(A)Intellect


Reason


(C)Experience


Intuition


92. Who regards workability as the test of truth and unworkability as the test of error

(A)Empiricists


Rationalists


(C)Pragmatists


Idealists


93. William James, a leading exponent of Pragmatism propounds the doctrine of

(A)Monistic universe


Dualistic universe


(C)Pluralistic universe


None of these


94. The exponents of the regard matter, life and mind as three levels of reality.

(A)Rationalism


Pragmatism


(C)Idealism


Emergent Evolution


95. "There is no general truth. It is unknowable and non-existent" is the view of

(A)Nietzsche


Plato


(C)Hegel


Aristotle


96. The vinaya-pitaka deals with

(A)Utterances of Buddha


Literature


(C)Discipline of the oder


Philosophical discussions


97. The theory of relativity of knowledge in Jainism is

(A)Anekantavada


Akhyativada


(C)Syadvada


None of these


98. What is the minimum perceptible object according to Vaisesika Philosophy

(A)Dvyanuka


Tryanuka


(C)Heteranuka


None of these


99. The fourth category recognised by Nyaya-Vaisesika is

(A)Abhava


Samavaya


(C)Visesa


Samanya

100. Who advocates qualitative monism and quantitative pluralism of souls

(A)Sankara


Madhva


(C)Sridhara


Ramanuja


101. Sankara believes that ultimate reality, Brahman associated with Maya appears as

(A)Soul


Supreme Soul


(C)Isvara


None of the above


102. Creatorship of the world is God's according to Sankara.

(A)Swarupa-lakshana


Vyavaharikadrsti


(C)Tatastha-lakshna


None of the above


103. Who is known as "light of Asia".

(A)Gandhi


Mahaveera


(C)Buddha


Sankara


104. Which orthodox school advocates the reality of God, Plurality of individual souls, and the world of diverse objects

(A)Sankhya


Yoga


(C)Mimamsa


Nyaya-Vaisesika


105. Which orthodox school advocates Dualism, Pluralism and Atheism

(A)Nyaya


Sankhya


(C)Mimamsa


Vaisesika


106. Which orthodox school is atheistic and rejects the notion of God as the creator of the world

(A)Carvaka


Jainism


(C)Nyaya


Mimamsa


107. Which school in Indian philosophy advocates materialism, atheism, positivism and hedo­nism

(A)Buddhism


Jainism


(C)Sankhya


Carvaka


108. Which school in Indian philosophy regards dependence as bondage and independence as release

(A)Sankhya


Nyaya


(C)Carvaka


Jainism


109. Which school considers true knowledge of the reality of the world, the self and the God as
the means of liberation

(A)Advaita


Visistadvaita


(C)Nyaya-Vaisesika


Sankhya


110. Who is the custodian of the moral law or Rta

(A)Agni


Vayu


(C)Varuna


Purusa


111. Karma mimamsa lays stress on the performance of duties prescribed by the

(A)Puranas


Itihasas


(C)Vedas


Dharma Shastras


112. Which Nastika school regards change or becoming as the stuff of reality

(A)Carvaka


Jainism


(C)Lokayata


Buddhism


113. Transmigration of soul is a corallary of the law of

(A)Dharma


Moksha


(C)Karma


Nature


114. Hinayana Buddhists are realists while Mahayana Buddhists are

(A)Rationalists


Empiricists


(C)Idealists


Pragmatists


115. The idea of transmigration of soul is common to all systems of Indian philosophy except the

Jainism


Nyaya


Sankhya


None of these


116. In Indian Philosophy 'beginningless series of births and deaths' is known as

(A)Nirvana


Karma


(C)Samsara


Moksha


117. Ramanuja wrote a commentary on the 'Brahmasutra', known as

(A)Sribhasya


Visistadvaita


(C)Sankhya Karica


None of these


118. Brahman is the central concept of

(A)Yoga


Mimamsa


(C)Vaisesika


Vedanta


119. Carvaka regards consciousness as an of the body.

(A)Phenomenon


Epiphenomenon


(C)Spirit


Soul


120. Sankara's commentary on the 'Brahmasutra' is called

(A)Sariraka Bhasya


Sri Bhasyam


(C)Dvaita


None of these