DISTANCE EDUCATION
M.Sc. (Zoology) DEGREE EXAMINATION, MAY 2016.
MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY
Time Three hours Maximum 100 marks
SECTION A — 8 40 marks)
Answer any FIVE of the following questions, each in about
300 words.
1. Explain the functions of immunoglobulins that cross the
placenta.
2. List out the microbes of milk and explain the methods to
prevent their growth.
3. Elucidate the principle of Gram staining method.
4. Explain the principle of Scanning Electron Microscopy.
5. Explain bacteriophages and its multiplication cycles.
6. Give a short account on MHC.
7. Discuss the factors affecting the microbial Growth.
8. Give an account on Agglutination test.
SECTION B — 15 60 marks)
Answer any FOUR of the following questions, each in about
500 words.
9. Explain briefly about types and functions of
immunoglobulin.
10. List the roles of complement in immune defense.
Sub. Code
23
DE-3936
WS
2
11. How secondary metabolites are utilized for the
biosynthesis of antibiotics and hormones in
microorganisms?
12. Why is immune tolerance important for survival of the
individual?
13. Explain different agglutination tests to study Antigen —
antibody reactions.
14. Write on diversity of respiratory pathways in
Microorganisms.
15. Briefly discuss about the immune response and tumors.