1. Unit of Drainage coefficient is

kg

ton

cm

percent

2. Which of the following is not used for gully erosion control

Check dams

Brush dams

Loose rock dams

High dams

3. Which of the following is not a mechanical method of erosion control

Contour farming

Conservation tillage

Free cropping

Small dams

4. Which of the following is not a stage of gully development

Zero stage

Formation stage

Development stage

Healing stage

5. Which of the following is not a permanent gully control structure

Contour bund

Drop spillway

Permanent check dams

Drop (inlet) spillway

6. Which of the following is not a type of soil erosion due to water

Raindrop erosion

Gully erosion

Final erosion

Sheet erosion

7. Which of the following is not a process of soil erosion

Detachment of soil particles

Transportation of soil particles

Both of the above

Shining of soil particles

8. Which of the following is not a type of soil erosion

Accelerated soil erosion

Geological soil erosion

Water erosion

Single erosion

9. Spacing of tile drains is generally kept as

1-2m

4-5m

9-60m

70-95m

10. The depth of tile drains in uniformly permeable soil is kept as

0.25 to 0.5 m

0.75 to 1.5 m

2.0to3.5m

4.0to5.5m

11. Which method should be used for irrigation in undulating fields

Flooding method of irrigation

Furrow method of irrigation

Check basin method of irrigation

Sprinkler irrigation method

12. Which of the following is not a method of surface irrigation

Free flooding irrigation

Border irrigation

Critical irrigation

Check basin irrigation

13. Which of the following is not a method of irrigation

Drip irrigation

Accelerated irrigation

Sub-surface irrigation

Pitcher irrigation

14. Due to evaporation, the liquid water is transferred to

atmosphere

river

pond

well

15. Over irrigation results in

increasing crop yield

maintaining soil fertility

economic utilization of water

none of the above

16. Efficient irrigation to the crops will provide

increased crop yield

increased water logging

increased salt accumulation

none of the above

17. Water conveyance efficiency is related to which of the following

Water stored in the root zone

Water needed in the root zone

Uniformity of the water applied

None of the above

18. Water distribution efficiency indicates

water supplied at source

water delivered at field

average depth of water stored during irrigation

none of the above

19. To which of the following the of water is related

Quantity of water used

Area to the irrigated

Height of crop

None of the above

20. The Lysimeter is used to determine

Sun shine hours

Wind velocity

Flow velocity

Evapotranspiration

21. Discharge of water as vapour into atmosphere by leaves and stems of living plants is called

evaporation

consumptive use

transpiration

none of the above

22. Evaporation pan is made of

brass

cast iron

mild steel

none of the above

23. Diameter of a commonly used evaporation pan is

65cm

75cm

95 cm

120 cm

24. Which of the following is not related to wind erosion

Speed of wind

Age of the soil

Moisture content of soil

Texture of soil

25. Which of the following is not a drainage system

Drip system

Surface system

Sub-surface system

All of the above

26. Which of the following is not a component of a drip irrigation system

Head unit

Perforated pipe

Water conveyance and distribution pipes

Drippers

27. In which country the drip irrigation system was originally developed

India

Pakistan

Israel

China

28. Which of the following is not a component of a sprinkler irrigation system

Pump

Sprinkler nozzle

Main and lateral pipe lines

Drip nozzles

29. The rate of evaporation of water does not depend on

temperature of water

temperature of air in contact with water

humidity of air

depth of water

30. Evaporation process is a process.

chemical

biological

physical

none of the above

31. Evaporation is the process of

condensation

vaporization

conduction

radiation

32. Unit of is

cubic meter

square meter

hectare

meter

33. The water requirement of a crop is mainly estimated for

crop planning on the farm

determining transpiration

determining water loss

none of the above

34. The depth of a commonly used evaporation pan is

20cm

50cm

100 cm

150 cm

35. The permissible mean flow velocity in an earthen channel in sandy loam soil is

40 cm/sec

60 cm/sec

80 cm/sec

100 cm/sec

36. A significant soil building crops group is

cereal crops

leguminous crops

fodder crops

fruit crops

37. Border slope for clay to clay loam soils is kept generally

0.05 to 0.20

0.20 to 0.40

0.25 to 0.65

none of the above

38. The first step in planning a terrace system is the selection of

Inlet location

Terrace slope

Watershed area

Outlet location

39. One hectare is equal to

1000 m2

100 m2

10000 m2

10 m2

40. Rational formula is used to estimate

peak flow rate

average flow rate

uniform flow rate

free flow rate

41. Mannings formula is used to determine

peak flow rate

flow velocity

return period

time of peak

42. Chezy's formula is used to determine

flow direction

flow velocity

flow duration

none of the above

43. Temporary gully control structures are designed for a recurrence interval of

up to 10 years

up to 8 years

up to 15 years

up to 20 years

44. Primary cause of failure of permanent gully control structures is

Insufficient hydraulic capacity

Insufficient flow velocity

Both of the above

None of the above

45. Spacing of mole drains ranges between

0.5to1.0m

20to25m

10to15m

1.5to9m

46. In heavy rainfall areas which type of bench terraces should be preferred

Level benches

Slopping outward benches

Sloping inward benches

None of the above

47. Drainage coefficient is defined as the depth of water in centimetre drained from any area in

12 hours

18 hours

06 hours

24 hours

48. Most important factor influencing the value of drainage coefficient is

crop

field size

rainfall

none of the above

49. Collector drains must have their diameter

Larger than lateral drains

Less than lateral drains

Equal to lateral drains

None of the above

50. Sub-surface drainage system includes

drainage outlet and collector drains only

drainage outlet and laterals only

drainage outlet, collectors and laterals

none of the above

51. Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) is used to calculate

average annual soil loss

average weekly soil loss

average daily soil loss

average monthly soil loss

52. The satisfactory operating pressure for a sprinkler system ranges between

1.0 1.5 kg/cm2

1.5 2.5 kg/cm2

2.5 3.5 kg/cm2

3.5 4.0 kg/cm2

53. The common size of screen opening for a tube well is

less than 1.5 mm

1.5 mm to 5.0 mm

5.0 mm to 7.5 mm

10.0 mm to 15.0 mm

54. One cubic meter volume is equal to

10 litre

1000 litre

100 litre

10000 litre

55. The vertical interval of a terrace system does not depend on

land slope

crop height

surface topography

soil type

56. The longitudinal slope in a terrace is kept as

0.75

1.50

2.50

10.0

57. Weirs are classified based on

shape of the notch only

type of the crest only

both and

none of the above

58. Minor irrigation schemes include

land reclamation schemes

surface water irrigation scheme

ground-water irrigation scheme

both and

59. The flow rate from a canal outlet depends on

size of outlet opening only

head of water above outlet only

both above

none of the above

60. Ponds are small water storage structures used for

Water supply only

Ground-water recharge only

Irrigation only

All of the above

61. The water table in an unconfined aquifer depends on

permeability of soil only

pumpage from well only

area of recharge only

all of the above

62. Water required by the border strip is 42.86 cubic meter, if the discharge available is 36 m3/hr, then the time required to irrigate the border will be

4.19 hour

3.19 hour

2.19 hour

1.19 hour

63. If the weight of moist soil is 1.18 kg and the weight of dry soil is 1 kg, then the moisture content of soil on dry weight basis will be,

0.0018

1.8

0.018

18%

64. The amount of silt and clay in a sandy loam soil is

more than 30%

more than 20%

more than 50%

more than 40%

65. The average moisture extraction by plants from the first 25% of soil depth is

50%

45%

40%

35%

66. The drainage area above the top most terrace is generally kept

4.0 hectare

10.0 hectare

2.0 hectare

1.0 hectare

67. Emitter pipes are classified based on pressure rating into

two classes

three classes

four classes

five classes

68. The material of emitting pipes should be resistant to

Fertilizers

Chemicals

Both and

None of the above

69. Water application rate from sprinkler system depends on

discharge of sprinkler only

sprinkler spacing only

lateral movement speed

all of the above

70. Earth work for bench terrace is calculated by 100 WS 100 WS

100 w s/8

100ws/15

100+w s/8

None of the above

71. In irrigated regions, water logging of low lands is due to

seepage from canals

seepage from unlined irrigation channels

both of the above

none of the above

72. Open drains have disadvantage because

devide farm area into fragments.

interfere with the movement of machinery.

waste considerable area of the farm.

all above

73. Depth of deep tube wells is kept as, .

20m

40m

60m

100mormore

74. The gully development is accomplished under how many stages

Only two stages

Only three stages

Only four stages

Only five stages

75. Which of the following is due to wind erosion

Delta

Sea coast

Sedimentation

Sand dune

76. Gully erosion is an advanced stage of

Sheet erosion

Channel erosion

Splash erosion

Rill erosion

77. Sprinklers are lubricated by

oil

grease

oil and grease

water

78. The Planimeter measures

area

volume

density

land roughness

79. A well screen is used in

open well

cavity well

tube well

none of the above

80. The recorded description of materials encountered in sequence throughout drilling with reference to the distance from the ground surface is known as,

well log

well casing

well depth

well description

81. Culturable command area for a minor irrigation project is

more than 10000 hectare

more than 5000 hectare

up to 5000 hectare

up to 2000 hectare

82. Small watershed are those in which

run off is predominant

overland flow dominates the run off

base flow predominant

all of the above

83. The difference in moisture content of the soil between field capacity and permanent wilting point is known as,

capillary water

hygroscopic water

percolation water

available water

84. Sprinkler irrigation method can be preferably used

in places with high wind velocity.

for clay soil with very low infiltration rate.

for soils with heavy texture and low infiltration rate.

for soils with light texture and high infiltration rate.

85. Contour trenching should be done in

winter season

summer season

throughout the year

none of the above

86. If the net amount of irrigation is 10 cm and the field irrigation efficiency is the gross amount of water applied is

10.66 cm

12.50 cm

8.0 cm

800 cm

87. Mole drains are underground unlined circular or oval earthen channels formed by a mole plough in

sandy-loam soils

non-cohesive soils

sandy soils

cohesive soils

88. A drainage canal draining 250 hectare area has a discharge of 0.3 the drainage coefficient of the area will be

0.7 cm

1.036 cm

1.412 cm

2.178 cm

89. Wind erosion is more in

cohesive soils

non-cohesive soils

rocky soils

wet soil

90. In splash erosion, the raindrop energy acts in the form of

kinetic energy

potential energy

chemical energy

none of the above

91. The property of rainfall which mainly affects the soil erosion is

direction of rainfall

time of rainfall

form of rainfall

intensity of rainfall

92. Which of the following soil property is mainly affected by wind erosion

Soil texture

Soil structure

Soil temperature

Soil moisture

93. If is the soil loss due to water erosion and is the slope length, then which of the following statement is true

E . l2

E . l

E . l3

E . l

94. Which of the following phase is more significant to cause soil erosion

Transportation of particles

Detachment of particles

Deposition of particles

Abrasion of particles

95. The 'gabion' is constructed by using which material

Vegetative materials

R.C.C.

Brick mortar

Wire-net and stones

96. To determine moisture content of a soil, the soil is kept in oven for 24 hours at the temperature of

100 °C

105 °C

110 °C

120 °C

97. Check dams help in

decrease in flow velocity

minimize channel erosion

increase infiltration of water

all of the above

98. The depth of a most efficient rectangular channel is how many times of its width

2.0 times

0.75 times

0.5 times

1.5 times

99. Evapotranspiration can be measured by using which of the following instrument equipment

Current meter

Lysimeter

Coshocton wheel

Stage recorder

100. The relation between the area irrigated and the quantity of water used to irrigate it for the purpose of maturing its crop is known as,

irrigation frequency

irrigation period

irrigation requirement

duty of water

101. Irrigation is necessary for which of the following

Prosperity

Poverty

Famine

None of the above

102. The water which can be removed by drainage is

hygroscopic water

gravitational water

capillary water

perched water

103. Which of the following trees can be used for bio-drainage work

Mango

Eucalyptus

Guava

Sisal

104. In tile drain installation, the envelope material is required for

increasing the flow rate

increasing the life of tile drains

increasing the strength of tile drains

decreasing the length of tile drains

105. Which of the following is the surface drain

Mole drain

Tile drain

Vertical drain

Open ditch drain

106. The prismoidal formula is used to determine

run off rate

earthwork volume

land slope

infiltration rate

107. Which of the following is not a land grading method

Profile method

Laser method

Trapezoidal method

Plane inspection method

108. Four point method is used to determine

earthwork volume

cross slope

longitudinal slope

volume of water

109. Water meter is used to measure

flow rate in streams

flow rate in pipes

water volume storage

water energy

110. One ha-cm volume of water is equal to

10 m3

100 m3

1000 m3

10000 m3

111. The pressure head in a sprinkler system is converted into velocity head at the

sprinkler head

sprinkler jet

nozzle

riser head

112. A soil solution with its pH value as 7.0 indicates that

soil is saline

soil is acidic

soil is alkaline

soil is neutral

113. The discharge of emitters in a drip irrigation system usually ranges between

2 to 10 litre/hour

2 to 10 litre/second

120 to 200 litre/hour

50 to 75 litre/hour

114. For drainage of land with concave surface or a valley at the centre, the most suitable drainage system is

Herringbone system

Bedding system

Random system

Gridiron system

115. In water logged lands, the soil pores are saturated

within a depth of 30 cm

within a depth of 40 cm

within a depth of 60 cm

beyond root zone of a crop

116. Removal of thin and fairly uniform layer of the soil from the land surface by run off water is called as,

torrent erosion

sheet erosion

glacial erosion

uniform erosion

117. A high intensity rainfall causes severe erosion because of

greater detachment of soil particles only

more run off generation only

better transportation of eroded soil only

all of the above

118. Which of the following aspects are kept in consideration while designing a drop structure

Hydrologic

Hydraulic

Structural

All above

119. Contour bunds are recommended in the areas where

rainfall is low

rainfall is high

soil is heavy

none of the above

120. The period for which water is supplied from canal to a crop is called

base

duty

delta

irrigation period

121. Arrangement of soil particles in a soil mass is called

soil texture

soil structure

infiltration

particle density

122. The factor which affects irrigation efficiency is

design of irrigation system

degree of land preparation

skill and ease of irrigation

all of above

123. To carry irrigation channels across the road, the appropriate structure is

culvert

siphon

spillway

all above

124. In an open channel water flows under the influence of

gravity force

inertia force

suction force

none of the above

125. Pan evaporation data are recorded

twice daily

thrice daily

once daily

once a week

126. For a given cross sectional area of channel, the hydraulic radius decreases with

increase in wetted perimeter

decrease in wetted perimeter

decrease in flow velocity

increase in flow velocity

127. The most efficient section of open channel is

semicircular

triangular

trapezoidal

parabolic

128. Tensiometers are used to measure

soil organic matter

flow depth

flow velocity

soil moisture

129. The common water distribution pattern used in canal command areas of northern India is

shejpali system

tail to tail system

warabandi system

all above

130. Run off coefficient depends on

nature of soil surface

type of land use

rainfall intensity

all the above

131. Free board is provided to prevent the embankment against

overtopping

sliding

overturning

all above

132. The agronomic measures increase infiltration rate and thereby there is

reduction in run off

increase in soil erosion

formation of gullies

none of the above

133. Rate of increase in crop yield per unit increase in water application is known as,

water use efficiency

irrigation response

project efficiency

gross water requirement

134. Strip cropping systems has alternate rows of

erosion creating and erosion permitting crops

erosion permitting and erosion tolerating crops

erosion permitting and erosion resisting crops

none of the above

135. The removal of excess water from the ground surface is called

ground water flow

surface drainage

sub-surface drainage

water table control

136. According to U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, the size of particles of coarse sand varies between

2.0 to 1.0 mm

1.0 to 0.5 mm

0.5 to 0.25 mm

none of the above

137. The drip irrigation system is very effective in case of

paddy fields

sugarcane fields

orchards

all of the above

138. Which of the following is not a permanent structure

Drop spillway

Chute spillway

Drop inlet spillway

Contour bund

139. If the depth of flow in a river is then the average flow velocity occurs at a depth equal to

0.4 d from free surface

0.6 d from free surface

0.2 d from free surface

at the free surface

140. Graded bunds are useful in areas where

rainfall is very low

rainfall is low

rainfall is high

none of the above

141. Due to shrinkage of soil during land grading, the cut-fill ratio should be

greater than one

less than one

either of and

none of and

142. Advantages of minor irrigation projects are

low cost

easily manageable

higher irrigation efficiency

all of the above

143. The desired cut or fill at any point can be obtained by comparing

original and proposed elevations

original and surrounding elevations

proposed and surrounding elevations

all of the above

144. Control of soil erosion is vital for

sustenance of agriculture

maintaining crop productivity

control of sedimentation

all of the above

145. Mulching helps in

controlling soil erosion

maintaining soil moisture

controlling weeds

all of the above

146. The drop in case of a straight drop spillway should not exceed to

5m

3m

10m

8m

147. In drip irrigation system, the drippers are equipped on

main line

sub-main line

lateral line

all above

148. Drip irrigation is also known as

sub-surface irrigation

complete irrigation

trickle irrigation

surge irrigation

149. Void ratio of soil is also known as

relative density

relative porosity

specific gravity

none of the above

150. The part of rainfall which becomes part of the water requirement of crops is known as

gross rainfall

efficient rainfall

effective rainfall

true rainfall

151. The method which estimates evaporation from a free water surface by examining energy balance at the water surface is

Blaney-Criddle method

Dalton method

Penman method

None of the above

152. The term extensively used to express the performance of a complete irrigation system or components of the system is called

irrigation effect

irrigation efficiency

irrigation facility

irrigation availability

153. Uniformity of water application in sprinkler irrigation is affected by

water temperature

wind velocity

soil characteristics

time of irrigation

154. Which of the following is a measure for reclamation of alkali soil

Green manuring with dhaincha in summer

Use of gypsum

Provision of drainage system

All of the above

155. The primary purpose of contour farming in low rainfall areas is

to increase run off

to increase soil loss

to conserve flow energy

to conserve rain water

156. Which major nutrient is very soluble and can be expected in drainage effluent

Nitrogen

Phosphorous

Potash

None of the above

157. In water-logged areas, when organic matter accumulates in the soil

Before water logging

After water logging

During water logging

None of the above

158. One atmospheric pressure is equal to how many cm of water column

1000 cm

1050 cm

1023 cm

1036 cm

159. In which type of soil, the drainage will be poor

Sandy soils

Clayey soils

Silty soils

Loamy soils

160. Which of the following is not a salt tolerant crop

Barley

Dhaincha

Gram

Spinach

161. Which of the following is not a water lift

Persian wheel

Swing basket

Counterpoise

Turbine

162. One horse power is equal to

724 watts

746 watts

714 watts

764 watts

163. Soil taxonomy deals with which of the following

Principles of soil productivity

Principles of soil erosivity

Principles of soil classification

Principles of soil formation

164. Under irregular topographic field conditions which of the following strip cropping system is preferred

Contour strip cropping system

Field strip cropping system

Buffer strip cropping system

Either of the above

165. The value of run off coefficient normally is

always more than one

always equal to one

always less than one

any of the above

166. In a field contour lines are obtained by joining the points of

same rainfall

same elevation

same erosion

same infiltration

167. Gully plugs help in

reducing infiltration

reducing flow velocity

reducing sediment deposition

reducing percolation

168. Hygrophilic soils are those which

condense water

repulse water

release water

attract water

169. Seepage force always acts in

only in upward direction

opposite direction to flow

in the direction of flow

only in the downward direction

170. In the design of a drop structure which of the following force is considered

Gravitational forces

Viscous forces

Frictional forces

Drag forces

171. Straight and parallel contour lines represent

uniformly sloping undulating surface

uniformly sloping plane surface

undulating surface

none of the above

172. In open channels, the flow is due to

pressure difference

elevation difference

velocity difference

all of the above

173. Estimation of design discharge is done in

hydraulic design

structural design

hydrologic design

final design

174. In contour cultivation tillage operations are performed

normal to the contours of the field

along the contours of the field

across the contours of the field

in any direction

175. Which of the following is not a system of recording levels in the field book

Height of instrument method

Collimation method

Rise and fall method

Black and white method

176. Up and down the slope farming results in

minimizing soil erosion

increasing soil erosion

improving moisture conservation

none of the above

177. Chezy's formula is represented as,

V=R CS

V=C RS

CRS

V=S RC Where V Flow velocity C Coefficient R Hydraulic radius S Slope of land

178. The term "EROSIVITY" refers to

erosive time of rain

erosive potential of rain

erosive resistance of rain

none of the above

179. The critical state of flow occurs when the value of Froude number is

more than one

less than one

equal to one

all above

180. In an open channel when flow depth at a section changes with time, the flow is said to be

uniform flow

unsteady flow

irregular flow

critical flow