FINAL EXAM NATIONAL BOARD OF EXAMINATIONS
DECEMBER 2016

POSSESSION USE OF CELL PHONES OR ANY SUCH ELECTRONIC GADGETS IS NOT PERMITTED INSIDE THE
EXAMINATION HALL.
FORENSIC MEDICINE
PAPER III
FRM/D/16/09/III
Time 3 hours
Max. Marks 100
Important instructions:
• Attempt all questions in order.
• Each question carries 10 marks.
• Read the question carefully and answer to the point neatly and legibly.
• Do not leave any blank pages between two answers.
• Indicate the question number correctly for the answer in the margin space.
• Answer all the parts of a single question together.
• Start the answer to a question on a fresh page or leave adequate space between two answers.
• Draw table/diagrams/flowcharts wherever appropriate.
Write short notes on:
1. How histopathology of lungs help in diagnosis of drowning:
Fresh water drowning
Salt water drowning
Immersion syndrome
Dry drowning
Secondary drowning

2. Mechanism of action, toxicokinetics, signs symptoms,
management and PM findings in a case of carbon dioxide
poisoning.

3. How would you date subdural hematoma on the basis of gross
and histopathology?
5+5
4. Mechanism of action, toxicokinetics, signs symptoms,
management and PM findings in a case of formaldehyde
poisoning.

5. Give the mechanism of action of nitrites and nitrates as well as
that of its antidote methylene blue.
Explain why methylene blue treats methemoglobinemia in low
doses, but produces methemoglobinemia in high doses.
6+4
6. Pathology of renal trauma.
What is Pascal's law and how it explains renal injuries?

7. Signs and symptoms of acute and chronic thallium poisoning.
How would you manage such a case? Give only the relevant
PM findings.
4+6
8. Pathophysiology, signs symptoms and medicolegal importance
of hymenoptera stings.

9. Write down in relation to metabolism of ethanol, why excess
alcohol causes:
Hypoglycaemia
Over weight
Liver damage
Alcohol dependence
Classify alcohol dependence

10. Classify war gases. Give the major sign and symptoms and
treatment of each class.
3+7