FINAL EXAM NATIONAL BOARD OF EXAMINATIONS
JUNE 2018

POSSESSION/USE OF CELL PHONES OR ANY SUCH ELECTRONIC GADGETS IS NOT PERMITTED INSIDE THE EXAMINATION HALL.
PAEDIATRIC SURGERY
PAPER-I
PEDSURG/J/18/29/I
Time: 3 hours
Max. Marks:100
Important Instructions:
Attempt all questions in order.
Each question carries 10 marks.
Read the question carefully and answer to the point neatly and legibly.
Do not leave any blank pages between two answers.
Indicate the question number correctly for the answer in the margin space
Answer all the parts of a single question together.
Start the answer to a question on a fresh page or leave adequate space between two answers.
Draw table/diagrams/flowcharts wherever appropriate.
Write short notes on:
1. Describe fetal circulation.
Mention embryological stages of lung development.
Outline, briefly, the management of persistent pulmonary hypertension in
a neonate with congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

2. Define Brown fat.
Discuss the physiology of thermoregulation in new-borns.
What measures have to be taken to prevent and treat hypothermia in
surgical neonates?

3. What is Focussed Abdominal Sonography in Abdominal Trauma

Describe the grading of splenic trauma.
General principles of management of splenic trauma in childhood.

4. What is the modified Shimada's pathologic classification of neuroblastic
tumours?
What do you mean by opsoclonus-myoclonus?
Describe the recent advances in the evaluation and management of
Stage IV Neuroblastoma.

5. What are the histological subtypes of hepatoblastoma?
PRETEXT staging of hepatoblastoma.
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for hepatoblastoma.

6. Discuss briefly the embryogenesis of anorectal malformations.
Which is the form of anorectal anomaly usually associated with Down
syndrome?
Enumerate the anorectal anomalies classified as malformations
under the Krickenberg classification.

7. Describe factors associated with good prognosis of an infant with Biliary
Atresia.
Enumerate the common indications for liver transplantation in the
paediatric age group.
Describe the current status and recommendations for liver
transplantation in cases of extrahepatic biliary atresia (EHBA).

FINAL EXAM NATIONAL BOARD OF EXAMINATIONS
JUNE 2018

POSSESSION/USE OF CELL PHONES OR ANY SUCH ELECTRONIC GADGETS IS NOT PERMITTED INSIDE THE EXAMINATION HALL.
P.T.O.
8. Classify teratomas.
What is Fetus in Fetu?
Describe the Altmann classification of sacrococcygeal teratomas.
Describe, briefly, the factors associated with poor prognosis in a child
with sacrococcygeal teratoma.

9. What is the 'battered child' syndrome?
Describe the common injuries associated with the 'battered child'
syndrome and outline the principles of management of this condition.
4+6
10. Enumerate the types of research studies.
Describe the principles and design of a randomized control trial
study.
3+7