FINAL EXAM NATIONAL BOARD OF EXAMINATIONS
JUNE 2018

POSSESSION/USE OF CELL PHONES OR ANY SUCH ELECTRONIC GADGETS IS NOT PERMITTED INSIDE THE EXAMINATION HALL.
MICROBIOLOGY
PAPER-II
MIC/J/18/18/II
Time: 3 hours
Max. Marks:100
IMPORTANT INSTRUCTIONS
Attempt all questions in order.
Each question carries 10 marks.
Read the question carefully and answer to the point neatly and legibly.
Do not leave any blank pages between two answers.
Indicate the question number correctly for the answer in the margin space
Answer all the parts of a single question together.
Start the answer to a question on a fresh page or leave adequate space between two answers.
Draw table/diagrams/flowcharts wherever appropriate.
Write short notes on:
1. Briefly discuss the antimicrobial resistance and the prevention
strategies.
10
2. Non-culture methods for the diagnosis of invasive fungal
infections.
10
3. Pathogenesis and laboratory diagnosis of Mucormycosis. 5+5
4. Regarding Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae
Describe mechanism of resistance
Enumerate the risk factors
Phenotypic and genotypic methods of detection

5. Enumerate the rapid methods for the diagnosis of tuberculosis.
Describe the principle of each test. What is MDR-TB and XDRTB?

6. Describe the changing epidemiology of Candida infections in the
health care setting. Briefly discuss Candida auris.
5+5
7. Regarding acute bacterial meningitis:
Enumerate the causes
Briefly discuss the laboratory diagnosis.
Describe the currently available pneumococcal vaccines.

8. What is Mycotic Mycetoma? Enumerate the causative agents.
Describe the pathogenesis and laboratory diagnosis.

9. Laboratory diagnosis of congenital syphilis.
Salient features of program for elimination of congenital
syphilis.
5+5
10. Epidemiology of Scrub Typhus in India and its laboratory
diagnosis.
5+5