FINAL EXAM NATIONAL BOARD OF EXAMINATIONS
JUNE 2017

POSSESSION USE OF CELL PHONES OR ANY SUCH ELECTRONIC GADGETS IS NOT PERMITTED INSIDE THE
EXAMINATION HALL.
NEPHROLOGY
PAPER III
NEPHRO/J/17/20/III
Time 3 hours
Max. Marks 100
Important instructions:
• Attempt all questions in order.
• Each question carries 10 marks.
• Read the question carefully and answer to the point neatly and legibly.
• Do not leave any blank pages between two answers.
• Indicate the question number correctly for the answer in the margin space.
• Answer all the parts of a single question together.
• Start the answer to a question on a fresh page or leave adequate space between two answers.
• Draw table/diagrams/flowcharts wherever appropriate.
Write short notes on:
1. Define 'Biomarker'.
Enumerate the biomarkers of acute kidney injury.
Clinical utility and limitations of biomarkers of acute kidney
injury.

2. Evaluation of Peritoneal Dialysis connectology.
Incidence and diagnosis of peritonitis in PD.
Principles of treatment of peritonitis in PD.

3. Issues related to renal transplantation:
Spectrum of living donors in India.
Special precautions in evaluation of a female donor.
Transplant co-ordinator.

4. Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance:
Definition
Clinical spectrum
Investigations
Treatment

5. Directly acting antivirals for treatment of HCV infection in CKD
and post transplantation.
Use of novel oral anticoagulants in CKD.
5+5
6. Diuretics:
Classification
Clinical use in CKD
Adverse effects

7. Haemodiafiltration.
Ultrapure water for dialysis.
5+5

PAPER III
8. Pre-transplant evaluation of a young male with bilateral stone
disease.
Post-transplant hyperuricemia.
5+5
9. Delayed graft function:
Definition
Causes
Investigations
Principles of management
Outcome

10. Malnutrition in CKD:
Causes
Assessment
Management