M.Sc. (Semester III) (CBCS) Examination Nov/Dec-2018
Environmental Science
ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICS
Time: 2½ Hours Max. Marks: 70
Instructions: All questions carry equal marks.
Scientific calculator is allowed for calculations.
Draw neat and labeled diagram wherever necessary.
Q.1 Select correct answer among the following 14
is collected by the investigator himself for the purpose of a
specific inquiry or study.
Secondary data Primary data
Actual data Value data
For a sample to be truly representative of the population, it must truly be

Fixed Random
Accurate Casual
The variance of 15 observations is 4. If each observation is increased by
the variance of resulting observation is
2 3
4 5
The median of the data: 19, 25, 59, 48, 35, 31, 30, 32, 51. If 25 is replaced by
52, what will be the new median?
35 36
34 38
The correlation between two variables is called as
Multiple correlation Partial correlation
Simple correlation Total correlation
What is the expected number of heads appearing when a fair coin is tossed
three times?
2.6 1.5
1.6 2.5
If Ho is true and we reject it is called
Type-I error Type-II error
Type-IV error Type-III error
Three coins whose faces are marked 1 and 2 are tossed. Their expectations
of the total values of numbers on their faces is
5.5 4.5
5 4
The mean of a distribution is 14 and the standard deviation is 5. What is the
value of the coefficient of variation?
60.4 35.7
48.7 60.4
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SLR-VI-295
10) A coefficient of correlation is computed to be -0.95 means that
The relationship between two variable is weak
The relationship between two variables is strong and positive
The relationship between two variables is strong and but negative
Correlation coefficient cannot have this value.
11) What step should be taken first when deciding whether to carry out a factor
analysis?
Examination of sample size
Selection of principal components or factors
Selection of the type of rotation to be used
Correlation matrix
12) Student's t-statistic is applicable in case of:
Equal number of samples Unequal number of samples
Small samples All of the above
13) Which method of analysis does not classify variables as dependent or
independent?
Regression analysis Discriminant analysis
Analysis of variance Cluster analysis
14) Which of the following values could not represent a correlation coefficient?
r 0.99 r 1.09
r -0.73 r -1.0
Q.2 Answer the following any four:-
1. What is null hypothesis?
2. Explain the importance of correlation in environmental studies
3. What is significance of cluster analysis?
4. Explain any two principles of sampling.
5. Explain standard deviation with suitable example.
08
Write notes on (Any
1. What are basic principles of experimental design?
2. Explain type I and type II error in testing of hypothesis.
3. Explain any three methods of data presentation used in environmental
statistics
06
Q.3 Answer the following Any
1. Which are different types of clusters?
2. What are various methods of sampling applicable to environmental
studies?
3. Calculate standard deviation from the following data:-
Variable 10, 13, 17, 22, 27, 30, 31, 32
08
Answer the following any one
1. Write an account on cumulative frequency curve?
2. Discuss any three methods of studying correlation.
06
Q.4 Answer the following Any
1. Write an account on regression analysis and its applications.
2. Discuss applications of various statistical methods in environmental
sciences?
3. What is addition rule of probability?
A card is drawn at random from a well-shuffled pack of cards. What is the
probability that the card is a spade or a queen?
10
Answer the following any one
1. Differentiate between median and mode? Discuss their merits and
demerits.
2. Calculate the geometric mean of the following data:-
04
Number of
Seeds per Plant
80-90 90-100 100-110 110-120 120-130 130-140
Number of
Plants
12 22 37 27 26 10
Q.5 Answer the following (any two) 14
Explain multiplication rules of probability?
What is the probability of the heads on two or three successive tosses?
What are characteristics of Chi-Square test?
The ratio of the male and the female births is expected to be 1:1. It was found
in one village that the male children born were 52 and the females were 48.
Calculate the and interpret your test.
What is mean deviation? Calculate mean deviation and coefficient of mean
deviation from the following data
X 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Y 3 8 12 14 7 6 4