1. Fill in the blanks

Bryophytes show type of sexual reproduction.

The phenomenon of formation of gametophyte directly from the vegetative cells ofthe sporophyte is known as

One of the "hot spots" of biodiversity in India is

produce nerve toxins that kill fish, but not shellfish.

Asexual reproduction in Rhizopus occurs by the formation of

2. Indicate whether the following statements are True or False:

Palmella stage is found in Volvox.

Lichens are not capable of fixing CO2,

Bryophytes require water for fertilization.

Cyanobacteria have no chloroplasts, but have only pigmented membranes which occupy the peripheral region of the cells.

Sporangia in Cooksonia are terminal in position.

3. Match the items of Column A with the most appropriate items of Column B

ColumnA ColumnB
Trimerophyta Resurrection plant

Selaginella Silicified cell wall

Monera Extinct pteridophyte

Air chambers in Cortex Prokaryotes

Diatoms Marsilea


4. Briefly describe the hypothesis of spontaneous generation of life.

5. Explain the Five-Kingdom seheme of classification of organisms.

6. Why is Chlamydomonas of great interest to biologists Give its five important features to substantiate your answer.

7. Describe the fine structure of a Yeast cell with the help of a labelled diagram.

8. List five important structural and biochemical characteristics which bryophytes share with algae.

9. Draw a well labelled diagram of the typical life cycle of pteridophytes.

10. Comment on the statement "Gametes are modified zoospores" in the context of algae.

11. Discuss the different methods of plasmogamy in fungi, with suitable illustrations.

12. Briefly describe the development of gametophyte in Equisetum with suitable illustrations.

13. Discuss the economic uses of algae.

14. What is aerobiology of fungi? How is it studied? State the significance of studying it. List three important air-borne fungal diseases prevalent in India and write the names of their causative organisms.

15. Describe the various types of stele in vascular plants, and comment on its evolutionary trend.

16. What is heterospory Explain how it led to the development of seed habit.

17. With the help of suitable examples explain the evolution of sporophyte in Bryophytes.