Explain each part of hydrologic cycle with the help of a suitable sketch. Name the processes forming hydrologic cycle. What is the importance of atmospheric pressure record?

How will you estimate missing precipitation data at a given rain-gauge station What is double-mass curve analysis? What is the importance of computing the average depth of rainfall over a given area

Distinguish between the terms potential evapotranspiration and the actual evapotranspiration. Explain the relation between the two.

What is the importance of infiltration in hydrologic cycle Explain the typical shape of an infiltration capacity curve. Discuss the practical importance of <I>-index.

For a catchment in Uttar Pradesh, the mean monthly rainfall and temperature are given below. Calculate the annual runoff coefficient by Khosla's formulae:

Month T Rainfall
1 12 4
2 16 4
3 21 2
4 27 0
5 31 2
6 34 12
7 31 32
8 29 29
9 28 16
10 29 2
11 19 1
12 14 2

List a few objects which may be used as Floats for the measurement of velocity in a stream.

The velocity of a float in a stream was observed to be mls. Compute the average flow velocity corresponding to this observation. Adopt a reasonable value of the required coefficient and explain why this coefficient is required.

Define Unit Hydrograph. What are the basic assumptions made in the theory of Unit Hydrograph Explain the concept of Synthetic Unit Hydrograph.

How are the statistical and probabilistic methods of analytical approach useful in hydrology Explain in brief with suitable examples.

Explain the chi-square test of goodness of fit.

For a hydraulic structure with a design life of 100 years, what will be the risk involved if it is designed for

50-year return period flood

1000-year return period flood

Define a hydrograph. Differentiate between inflow and outflow hydrographs. What do you mean by flood routing?

A 0·3 m diameter well penetrates fully into an unconfined aquifer. The original head before pumping was 25 m. Draw-down readings in two observation wells situated 30 and 80 m away from the main well were recorded to be 6.75 and 6·25 m respectively. Assuming a steady flow and k 50 m/day, compute the discharge of the main well.

Explain the following terms:

Design flood

Design storm

Design -Flood hydrograph

Storm-runoff

What is flood forecasting and how is it useful

in reservoir operation

for municipal administration

8. Write short notes on any four of the following:

Metrological, Agricultural, Hydrological and Socio-economic Drought

Drought Indices

Flow -Duration curves

The Extent of Drought Prone Areas in India

Infiltrometers