What is VIR wiring Where is it used In the domestic wiring, under what circumstances is the concealed wiring adopted What is ELCB What does it do Why are light/fan sub-circuit and power sub-circuit kept separate What should the clearance of overhead service line be from the ground level State why copper conductors are not used for transmission lines. Where are shackle insulators used?

2.(a) What is the importance of estimation and costing Discuss the types of estimation.
With the help of examples, explain
electrical point method, and

(ii) fixed percentage method.

3. Make a comparison of different types of wiring on the basis of their salient features and applications.

4.(a) State the importance of the layout of electrical installation. A consumer has annual consumption of 80,000 kWh. The charge is RS 125 per kW of maximum demand plus 10 paise per kWh.
Find the annual bill and the overall cost per kWh, if the load factor is 40%.

(ii) What will be the overall cost per kWh, if consumption is increased by 20% with the same load factor?

5.(a) what is the importance of the Wiring diagram Explain single line and multi-line wiring diagrams.
Explain how a 2-wire d.c. distributor with concentrated loads fed at one end can be represented by a single line diagram.

6.(a) Explain the term 'service connection'. Make a comparison of domestic service connection and industrial service connection.
A factory has a distance of 35 m from the service pole and its load demand is 50 kW. What type of service connection should be provided to the factory Give reasons for your choice.

7.(a) Classify substations. Explain each type of substation. Draw a layout of anyone.
What are the main items that comprise an overhead line?

8. Write short notes on any four of the following: Earnest money and Security deposits, Preparation of comparative statement Necessity of earthing Various types of fans and their sizes Overhead vs Underground feeders