Determine the rivet value of 16 mm diameter rivet connecting a main plate of 12 mm to two cover plates, each of 8 mm thickness. <img src='./qimages/11874-1a.jpg'>

Assume aat 150 tvf 100 apf= 300 N/mm^2. Also determine the same for bolted connection with sizes same as above.
Indicate the various methods of welding giving two techniques for each, in detail.

2.(a) Draw a typical detail of a purlin supported on a truss.
Draw typical details of roof truss supported on steel columns.

3.(a) Why are thin walled sections preferred to solid rectangular/square sections?
Describe the different types of load that are considered for the design of steel frames of a factory building.

4.(a) What is the purpose of providing rising mains in a high rise building With the help of a neat sketch, show the arrangement of rising mains in a high rise building.
What are the causes for voltage fluctuation? Briefly explain the methods for correcting voltage fluctuations with respect to different causes.

5.(a) Explain the basic principle of air-conditioning with the help of a simple block diagram.
What factors influence the ventilation requirements of a conditioned space Also explain the term 'effective temperature' with respect to human comfort.

6.(a) Why is concrete cover required over the reinforcement How does it vary for various member types Give examples.

(b) Draw a neat sketch of a continuous beam of three equal spans each of 6 metres and subjected to equal uniformly distributed load of 40 kN/m. Assume dead load to be 75% of total load on all the spans. Draw
qualitatively the details of how the beam is to be reinforced using a scale of 1 20.

7.(a) Draw a neat sketch of a dog-legged staircase of 3·5 x 5 m plan dimensions, and give details of a flight from plinth level to mid landing level.
How can the brittle concrete be converted into ductile material Explain with sketches.

8.(a) Indicate the basic elements of formwork and scaffolding. Draw neat sketches.
Draw typical details of two pile groups with 600 mm diameter piles supporting a column of 400 x 600 mm.